Iyo ugereranije ibyuma byoroshye kandi byoroshye, ni ngombwa kumva ko mugihe byombi ari ubwoko bwibyuma, bifite imiterere itandukanye kandi bikwiranye nuburyo butandukanye. Dore igereranya rirambuye:
1. Ibikoresho nibikoresho
Icyuma cyoroshye:
Ibigize:Icyuma cyoroshyeikorwa nubushyuhe butunganya ubushyuhe bwera, burimo karubone muburyo bwa karbide yicyuma (Fe3C). Kuvura ubushyuhe, bizwi nka annealing, bisenya karbide yicyuma, bigatuma karubone ikora grafite muburyo bwa nodular cyangwa rosette.
Imiterere: Inzira ya annealing ihindura microstructure yicyuma, bikavamo uduce duto twa grafite. Iyi miterere itanga ibikoresho hamwe no guhindagurika no gukomera, bigatuma idacika intege ugereranije nicyuma gakondo.
Icyuma cyangiza:
Ibigize: Icyuma cyitwa Ductile, kizwi kandi ku izina rya nodular cyangwa spheroidal grafite icyuma, gikozwe hongerwamo ibintu bya nodulizing nka magnesium cyangwa cerium ku cyuma gishongeshejwe mbere yo gutera. Ibi bintu bitera karubone gukora nka spheroidal (kuzenguruka) grafite nodules.
Imiterere: Imiterere ya grafitike ya grafitike mu byuma byangiza byongera imbaraga zayo no kurwanya ingaruka, bikayiha ibikoresho byubukanishi ugereranije nicyuma cyoroshye.
2. Ibikoresho bya mashini
Icyuma cyoroshye:
Imbaraga za Tensile: Icyuma gishobora gukoreshwa gifite imbaraga zingana zingana, mubisanzwe kuva kuri 350 kugeza 450 MPa (megapascals).
Guhindagurika: Ifite ihindagurika ryumvikana, ituma yunama cyangwa igahinduka munsi yibibazo bitavunitse. Ibi bituma bikwiranye na porogaramu aho bisabwa guhinduka.
Ingaruka zo Kurwanya Ingaruka: Mugihe ikaze kuruta icyuma gisanzwe, icyuma cyoroshye ntigishobora kwihanganira ingaruka ugereranije nicyuma cyangiza.
Icyuma cyangiza:
Imbaraga za Tensile: Icyuma cyangiza gifite imbaraga zingana cyane, akenshi kiva kuri 400 kugeza 800 MPa, bitewe nurwego hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe.
Guhindagurika: Irahindagurika cyane, hamwe no kurambura ijanisha mubisanzwe hagati ya 10% na 20%, bivuze ko ishobora kurambura cyane mbere yo kuvunika.
Ingaruka zo Kurwanya Ingaruka: Icyuma cyangiza kizwiho kurwanya ingaruka nziza cyane, bigatuma biba byiza kubisabwa bitewe nuburemere bukabije cyangwa guhangayika cyane.
3. Porogaramu
Icyuma cyoroshye:
Imikoreshereze isanzwe: Icyuma gishobora gukoreshwa akenshi gikoreshwa mubito bito, bigoye cyane nko guhuza imiyoboro, imirongo, hamwe nibikoresho bikenewe aho imbaraga ziciriritse hamwe nubworoherane busabwa.
Ibidukikije bisanzwe: Bikunze gukoreshwa mumazi, kuvoma gaze, no gukoresha inganda zoroheje. Ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gukurura ihungabana no kunyeganyega bituma bukwiranye nuburyo bwimikorere cyangwa kwagura ubushyuhe.
Icyuma cyangiza:
Imikoreshereze isanzwe: Bitewe nimbaraga zayo zisumba izindi nubukomezi, ibyuma byimyanda bikoreshwa mubikorwa binini kandi bisabwa nkibikoresho byimodoka (urugero, crankshafts, gear), sisitemu yimiyoboro iremereye, nibice byubatswe mubwubatsi.
Ibidukikije bisanzwe: Ibyuma byangiza nibyiza gukoreshwa mumiyoboro yumuvuduko ukabije, sisitemu yamazi n’imyanda, hamwe nibihe ibice byatewe ningutu zikomeye cyangwa kwambara.
Umwanzuro
Icyuma cyoroshye nicyuma gihindagurika ntabwo ari kimwe. Nubwoko butandukanye bwibyuma hamwe nibintu bitandukanye.
Icyuma cyoroshye gikwiranye nibisabwa bidakenewe aho bikoresha neza-ibikoresho bya tekinike birahagije.
Ibinyuranyo, ibyuma byimyanda byatoranijwe kubidukikije bigoye aho imbaraga zisabwa, guhindagurika, no kurwanya ingaruka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-24-2024